
W561XXX DESIGN GUIDE
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Envelope Control
X
16/16
1/16
A
C
B
is a synthesized sound without envelope control, and B is the parameter with 16 descending level
and a fixed decreasing rate. A multiply B simply generate the waveform C, a fading out
synthesized sound.
The envelope control is for simulating the fading of a note. Waveform A as shown above
Pitch Shifting
during play back. For example, if a pointer is used to address the sample memory for a sound,
and the pointer is incremented by one after each access, then the samples for this sound would
be accessed sequentially, resulting in some particular pitch. If the pointer increment was two
rather than one, then only every second sample would be played, and the resulting pitch would
be shift up by one octave (the frequency would be doubled).
In the previous example, the sample memory address pointer was incremented by an
integer number of samples. This allows only a limited set of pitch shifts. In a more general case,
the memory pointer would consist of an integer part and a fractional part, and the increment
value would be a fractional number of samples. The memory pointer is often refereed to as a
'phase accumulator' and the increment value, denominated as 'dT' here, is then the 'phase
increment'. The integer part of the phase accumulator is used to address the sample memory,
while the fractional part is used to maintain frequency accuracy.
For example, if the dT is equal to 1/2, then the pitch would be shifted down by one
octave (the frequency would be halved). A dT value of 1.05946 (the twelfth root of two) would
create a pitch shift of one musical half-step (i.e. from C to C#) compared with an increment of 1.
W56000 utilize dT ranging from 0.25 to 4, so the pitch shift range is from lower 2 octave
to higher 2 octave.
Pitch shifting is accomplished by accessing the stored sample data at different rates
Making Timbres
quality of synthetic sound:
(I) Recording sampling rate is 12544 Hz.
For musical instruments, a timbre must satisfy the following specifications to get good