
W48S87-72
4
Spread Spectrum Generator
The device generates a clock that is frequency modulated in
order to increase the bandwidth that it occupies. By increasing
the bandwidth of the fundamental and its harmonics, the am-
plitudes of the radiated electromagnetic emissions are re-
duced. This effect is depicted in
Figure 1
.
As depicted in
Figure 1
, a harmonic of a modulated clock has
a much lower amplitude than that of an unmodulated signal.
The reduction in amplitude is dependent on the harmonic num-
ber and the frequency deviation or spread. The equation for
the reduction is
dB = 6.5 + 9*log
10
(P) + 9*log
10
(F)
Where
P
is the percentage of deviation and
F
is the frequency
in MHz where the reduction is measured.
The output clock is modulated with a waveform depicted in
Figure 2
. This waveform, as discussed in
“
Spread Spectrum
Clock Generation for the Reduction of Radiated Emissions
”
by
Bush, Fessler, and Hardin produces the maximum reduction
in the amplitude of radiated electromagnetic emissions. The
deviation selected for this chip is ±0.5% of the center frequen-
cy.
Figure 2
details the Cypress spreading pattern. Cypress
does offer options with more spread and greater EMI reduc-
tion. Contact your local Sales representative for details on
these devices.
Spread Spectrum clocking is activated or deactivated by se-
lecting the appropriate values for bits 1
–
0 in data byte 0 of the
I
2
C data stream. Refer to
Table 4
for more details.
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Figure 1. Clock Harmonic with and without SSCG Modulation Frequency Domain Representation
Figure 2. Typical Modulation Profile
MAX (+.0.5%)
MIN. (
–
0.5%)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
F